Yadda ake alwala

Alwala tsarki ne kafin sallah. Farillanta suna cikin Alƙur’ani (5:6), kuma Sahabbai sun bayyana yadda Annabi ﷺ yake yin ta.

Me yasa alwala ta zama dole

• Alƙur’ani 5:6 Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani, idan za ku tashi zuwa sallah, ku wanke fuskokinku da hannuwanku har zuwa gwiwar hannu, ku shafi kawunanku, da ƙafafunku har zuwa idon sawu.
• Sahih al-Bukhari 135, Sahih Muslim 225 Allah ba ya karɓar sallar wanda alwalarsa ta karye har sai ya sake alwala.
• Sahih al-Bukhari 1 Ayyuka suna tare da niyya.

Matakai (mazhabobin Sunna)

1. Ka yi niyya a zuciya, ka ce Bismillah.
2. Ka wanke hannaye biyu har zuwa wuyan hannu, sau uku.
3. Ka kurkure baki, sau uku.
4. Ka shaƙa ruwa a hanci ka fitar, sau uku.
5. Ka wanke fuska daga tsirowar gashi har haɓa, daga kunne zuwa kunne, sau uku.
6. Ka wanke hannun dama har da gwiwar hannu, sau uku, sannan na hagu.
7. Ka shafi kai da hannaye masu jiƙa, sannan kunnuwa.
8. Ka wanke ƙafar dama har da idon sawu, sau uku, sannan ta hagu, har tsakanin yatsu.

Usman bin Affan ya nuna alwalar Annabi ﷺ haka: Sahih al-Bukhari 159, Sahih Muslim 226. Wanke ƙafafu: “Kaiton duga-dugai daga wuta” (Sahih al-Bukhari 60, Sahih Muslim 241).

Alwalar Ja‘fari

1. Niyya, sannan ka wanke fuska daga tsirowar gashi har haɓa, daga sama zuwa ƙasa.
2. Ka wanke hannun dama daga gwiwar hannu zuwa ƙarshen yatsu, sannan na hagu.
3. Da ruwan da ya rage a hannun dama, ka shafi gaban kai.
4. Da ruwan da ya rage a hannaye, ka shafi bayan ƙafar dama daga yatsu zuwa idon sawu, sannan ta hagu.

Ana karanta Alƙur’ani 5:6 a matsayin shafar ƙafafu. Imam al-Baqir ya nuna alwalar Annabi ﷺ ya shafi kai da ƙafafu da ruwan da ya rage a hannunsa: al-Kafi, juzu’i 3, Littafin Tsarki, babobin siffar alwala da shafar kai da ƙafafu.

Inda mazhabobi suka bambanta

Niyya

Sharaɗin ingancin alwala a mazhabobin Shafi‘i, Maliki, Hanbali da Ja‘fari; sunna a mazhabar Hanafi.

Shafar kai

Hanafi: aƙalla kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kai (Annabi ﷺ ya shafi goshinsa, Sahih Muslim 274). Shafi‘i: wani ɓangare. Maliki da Hanbali: kai duka (Sahih al-Bukhari 185, Sahih Muslim 235). Ja‘fari: wani ɓangare na gaban kai.

Ƙafafu

Mazhabobin Sunna suna wanke ƙafafu; mazhabar Ja‘fari tana shafa su.

Tsari da jere

Shafi‘i, Hanbali da Ja‘fari: tsarin Alƙur’ani 5:6 wajibi ne. Maliki, Hanbali da Ja‘fari: a wanke gaɓoɓi a jere ba tare da dogon tsayawa ba. Hanafi: dukansu sunna ne.

Abin da ke warware alwala

A dukkan mazhabobi: bayan gida, fitar iska, barci mai nauyi da suma (Alƙur’ani 5:6; Sahih al-Bukhari 135). Mazhabobi sun bambanta kan zubar jini, amai da taɓa kishiyar jinsi, don haka bi mazhabarka.

An sabunta ƙarshe: Talata, 6 Oktoba 2026